From soft ionization mass spectrometry to “chemical bond” and resistance, semiconductor, superconductivity -- the law of charge motion in phase transition under weak electric field

Propose the possible reason of resistance, establish models of conductors, semiconductors, and insulators, and explain the reason why resistance is proportional to temperature. By utilizing models of resistance, conductors, and the research content of soft ionization mass spectrometry, the microscopic mechanism of superconductivity is proposed. Studying the movement of charges under weak electric fields in different states (phase transitions) such as gas, liquid, and solid is helpful for understanding experimental phenomena such as ion sources, mass spectrometers, electrophoresis, resistance, conductors, semiconductors, and superconductivity.