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Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, drawing from UNESCO guidelines and global recommendations from 2022 to 2024. The analysis highlights the transformative impact of AI on educational practices, focusing on its potential to enhance personalized learning, teacher training, and academic management, all of which are key in advancing Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4). However, the rapid development of AI technologies has outpaced policy debates, leading to the need for global and regional frameworks to guide the responsible integration of AI, ensuring equitable and human-centered educational advancements. Approximately 47% of academic institutions in high-income countries have implemented AI-driven tools by 2023, whereas only 8% have implemented AI-driven tools in low-income countries. Furthermore, the adoption of AI tools in classrooms is projected to grow with increasing AI technology implementation, with significant regional disparities that emphasize the need for targeted interventions. The review shows that to maximize the positive impact of AI on education, there is a pressing need for targeted investments in digital infrastructure, particularly in low-income regions. It also identifies future research directions and policy implications necessary for harmonizing AI innovation with ethical standards and its intersection with sustainable development goals.
