An Equivalent to the Riemann Hypothesis

22 December 2023, Version 4
This content is an early or alternative research output and has not been peer-reviewed by Cambridge University Press at the time of posting.

Abstract

The Riemann hypothesis is a conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers and complex numbers with real part $\frac{1}{2}$. It is considered by many to be the most important unsolved problem in pure mathematics. There are several statements equivalent to the famous Riemann hypothesis. Robin's criterion states that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if the inequality $\sigma(n) < e^{\gamma} \cdot n \cdot \log \log n$ holds for all natural numbers $n > 5040$, where $\sigma(n)$ is the sum-of-divisors function of $n$, $\gamma \approx 0.57721$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant and $\log$ is the natural logarithm. We prove that the Riemann hypothesis is true whenever there exists a large enough positive number $x_{0}$ such that for all $x > x_{0}$ we obtain that the value of \[\sum_{n \leq \alpha_{x}} \frac{1}{n} - \sum_{6 \leq n \leq \frac{x}{\log x}} \frac{e^{-\gamma}}{n \cdot \left(\log(n \cdot \log n)\right)} - \sum_{n < 6} \frac{e^{-\gamma}}{q_{n}}\] is lesser than or equal to $e^{-\gamma} \cdot \left(\gamma - B - \frac{1}{2 \cdot (x - 1)}\right)$ where $B \approx 0.26149$ is the Meissel-Mertens constant and $\alpha_{x} = \left(\log x + \frac{0.0222 \cdot \log x}{\log \log x}\right)$. Since the previous expression goes to $0$ as $x$ tends to infinity, then we deduce that the Riemann hypothesis must be true.

Keywords

Riemann hypothesis
prime numbers
Robin's criterion
superabundant numbers

Comments

Comments are not moderated before they are posted, but they can be removed by the site moderators if they are found to be in contravention of our Commenting and Discussion Policy [opens in a new tab] - please read this policy before you post. Comments should be used for scholarly discussion of the content in question. You can find more information about how to use the commenting feature here [opens in a new tab] .
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy [opens in a new tab] and Terms of Service [opens in a new tab] apply.