Anti-Breast Cancer Stem Cell Activity of Titanocene Complexes of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

03 June 2025, Version 1
This content is a preprint and has not undergone peer review at the time of posting.

Abstract

Titanocene(IV)-NSAID complexes Cp2Ti(mefenamate)2 (4) and Cp2Ti(flufenamate)2 (5) show enhanced redox stability and potent cytotoxicity against breast cancer stem cells (CSCs), with 5 rivaling salinomycin and cisplatin. Complex 5 induces DNA damage and apoptosis, and its nanoparticle encapsulation improves biocompatibility. This is the first report targeting breast CSCs with titanocene-based metallodrugs.

Keywords

titanocenes
cancer stem cells
polymeric nanoparticles

Supplementary materials

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Title
Electronic Supplementary Information
Description
Experimental details. Additional synthesis and characterisation data (NMR, MS, CV, IR, XRD). Additional biological data.
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