Toward Efficient Carbon Utilization and Renewable Energy Storage Zeolite-Based Catalysts in CO₂ Methanation

Rising CO2 emissions and the need for sustainable energy solutions have sped up research into CO2 methanation, a catalytic process that changes CO2 into methane, an energy carrier that can be stored and used in many ways. Zeolite-based catalysts have shown a lot of promise for CO₂ methanation because they have unique pore structures, can handle high temperatures up to 400°C, and can support metal dispersion. This makes them perfect for producing methane selectively and efficiently. This review brings together the latest progress in zeolite-catalyzed CO2 methanation. It gives a thorough look at the different types of catalysts, their structural properties, and how different metal modifications affect their ability to work as a catalyst. We examine key zeolite frameworks, including ZSM-5, Beta, and FAU, comparing their activity, selectivity, and stability under diverse reaction conditions. Additionally, we explore mechanochemical synthesis and hybrid catalyst designs that enhance CO₂ conversion efficiency. By summing up what is known so far and pointing out good catalyst properties, this review shows how to improve CO₂ methanation using zeolite-based catalysts and suggests areas for future research on high-performance, scalable systems for using carbon and storing renewable energy.