Pseudo-4-Component Photoredox-catalyzed Alkylative Amidination / Carbamoylation of Styrenes with Isocyanides and Redox-Active Esters

We report a photoredox-catalyzed pseudo-four-component process for the alkylative amidination of styrenes using isocya-nides and redox-active esters (RAEs). This redox-neutral radical-polar crossover reaction shows broad functional group tol-erance. The RAE serves as both a radical and nucleophile source, with the initially released phthalimide anion reintegrated into the final product. The resulting amidines can be readily derivatized into amides, tetrazoles, nitriles, or aldehydes, en-hancing the synthetic utility of this approach.