Exploring the Synergy of B, Ce, Ag Dopants in Ternary doped Titanium Dioxide Multifunctional Photocatalysts for Antibiotic Ampicillin Degradation and Degradation Under Solar Light

An eco-friendly, controllable citrate-EDTA complexing sol–gel method is employed to systematically synthesize a series of BxCeyAgzTiO2 ternary doped photocatalysts. The degradation of ampicillin antibiotic, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin antibiotic as well as Escherichia coli disinfection under sunlight, is assessed using these synthesized ternary doped photocatalysts. There was an increase 10 percent after monodoping of photocatalyst, 30 percent increase after co doping of the photocatalyst and further performance of the photocatalyst is increased after ternary doping of the catalyst. Total of 5 ternary doped photocatalyst were analyzed whose atomic configuration is as follows(x=2,y=0.1,z=0.06 :: x=2 y=0.01,z=0.06 :: x=1,y=1,z=0.06 :: x=1,y=0.1,z=0.06 :: x=1,y=0.1,z=0.1) in which we can observe there is a variation in the atomic concentration among them. After Physico-chemical characterization of the synthesized catalysts for particle size(DLS analysis), surface area(BET surface area analysis), morphology, crystal structure(XRD analysis), surface chemistry(SEM analysis), bandgap energy values(DRS analysis),leaching studies ,Raman spectrograph and recombination, it is evident that the tri-doping has improved the visible light absorption, reduced the recombination, and promoted higher crystallinity as well as anatase phase content. In comparison of ternary dopedphoto catalyst in terms of disinfection they were more effective by a factor of 15 than mono and co doped photocatalysts. The ternary catalysts also demonstrate an enhanced photocatalytic activity under solar light with regard to the degradation of the chosen antibiotics when compared to the performance of the monodoped,codoped counterparts or the latest generation catalysts from the literature. The highest degradation performance of more than 85 percent was observed under sunlight.