Heterometallic CuCd and Cu2Zn complexes with o-vanillin and its Schiff base derivative: slow magnetic relaxation and catalytic activity associated with Cu(II) centers

In this work, two novel heterometallic mixed-ligand mixed-anion complexes [CuIICdIIClL(o-Van)(OAc)]·3H2O (1) and [CuII2ZnIICl2L2(o-Van)(OAc)] (2) were prepared by reacting a fine copper powder and Cd(II) or Zn(II) acetate with ethanol solution of the Schiff base ligand HL formed in situ in the condensation reaction of 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (o-VanH) and CH3NH2·HCl. The compounds were thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing the neutral molecular nature of both compounds. Catalytic properties of 1 and 2 were studied in the oxidation of hydrocarbons with H2O2 under mild conditions, showing the maximum reaction rate of 4 × 10–5 M s–1 and TOF up to 640 h–1. Both compounds undergo complex transformations in solution as evidenced by kinetic analysis and time-dependent UV/Vis spectroscopy, indicating that the reduced Cu(I) form of 1 is unexpectedly unfavorable. Complex 1 demonstrates slow magnetic relaxation dominated by the direct relaxation process between T = 1.8 and 7 K under an external DC field of 0.2 and 0.4 T, a very rarely observable effect in the coordination compounds of Cu(II). Complex 2 possesses weak ferromagnetism (J = 4.50 cm–1, zJ’ = –0.201 cm–1 for H = –JS1S2 formalism) occurring through the Cu–O–Cu pathways. The theoretical CASSCF, DFT and TDDFT calculations were applied to investigate the electronic structures of 1 and 2 and rationalize their behavior in solution.