RETRACTED: Spatially Separated yet Efficiently Connected: Polariton-Assisted Energy Transfer for Bilayer Organic Solar Cells

Organic solar cells (OSCs) hold significant promise as low-cost, flexible, and lightweight photovoltaic technologies. However, they encounter challenges such as instability in donor-acceptor (D-A) mixing and limited exciton dissociation in bilayer configurations. To address these issues, we propose a strategy that leverages polariton-mediated energy transfer by integrating a Fabry-Pérot cavity into bilayer OSCs. This configuration facilitates the formation of hybrid light-matter states, known as polaritons, which enable efficient energy transfer between spatially separated donor and acceptor layers. Our results indicate that the energy transfer rate ($k_t$) exhibits an $r^{-2}$ distance dependence, suggesting that the process is governed by near-field electromagnetic interactions rather than traditional Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). This distinct mechanism permits effective charge separation over extended distances, surpassing the limitations of conventional FRET. Consequently, we achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 10.1\%, a notable enhancement over standard bilayer devices. Our findings demonstrate that polariton-assisted energy transfer provides a approach for improving OSC performance, offering a promising pathway to achieve both high efficiency and stability in organic photovoltaics.