Liquid Crystals: Unlocking the Quantum Revolution in Computing

Quantum computing promises exponential advances in information processing, necessitating the development of appropriate materials for implementing quantum qubits and gates. Liquid crystals, known for their electro-optical characteristics and use in displays, have recently received attention as prospective candidates for quantum computing applications. This review delves into the role of liquid crystals in quantum information science, starting with an overview of their characteristics, classification and phase transition mechanisms. It then directs focus to their quantum attributes, their ability to display quantum coherence and entanglement. The review also showcases validations of quantum phenomena in liquid crystals, highlighting their suitability for use in quantum systems. Recent advances are discussed, including the development of liquid crystal qubits, quantum gates, and circuits. The review also explores the integration of liquid crystals with quantum photonic devices, emphasizing their role in enhancing quantum communication and information processing. Potential room temperature operation applications such as quantum sensing and quantum cryptocurrency are illustrated through case studies. Challenges such as material synthesis, decoherence, stability, and compatibility with existing technologies are addressed, with proposed solutions including hybrid systems and novel fabrication techniques. Future research directions focus on innovative liquid crystal materials, interdisciplinary collaboration, and their use in emerging quantum technologies.