Non-Covalent Interaction within Catalytic Anionic Donor and Neutral Acceptor to Promote Pd-Catalyzed Distal Site- selective Functionalization of Amines

05 August 2022, Version 1
This content is a preprint and has not undergone peer review at the time of posting.

Abstract

C‒H activation of simple molecules to provide corresponding functionalized analogues has gained immense prominence. While this is widely applicable to a range of organic motifs, regioselectivity and most importantly site-selectivity of distal C‒H bonds remains a significant challenge. While covalently attached directing groups have been designed to solve the puzzle, their profound impact on the step-economy and substrate biasness cause a significant dent in the applicability of the protocol. To overcome this, weak non-covalent interactions between substrate and ligands have been developed but have been mainly explored with Ir-catalysis. Herein we aim to execute an unprecedented Pd catalyzed meta-selective C‒H functionalization of simple amines harnessing weak non-covalent interactions between anionic H-bond donor and neutral acceptor. Catalytic amount of organic salt acts as an anionic ligand and is suitable for efficient meta-selective C‒H olefination. Experimental and computational studies elucidate the mechanistic understanding and suggest that site-selectivity is governed by the key H-bonding interaction between an anionic donating ligand and a neutral accepting substrate. The protocol can be further extended to amines with variable linker-lengths, outlining the versatility and applicability of our methodology to organic motifs, while utilizing only a catalytic amount of directing ligand for the functionalization.

Keywords

Non-covalent interaction
H-bonding
Directing ligand
Distal C-H activation
Palladium catalysis

Supplementary materials

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Title
Non-Covalent Interaction within Catalytic Anionic Donor and Neutral Acceptor to Promote Pd-Catalyzed Distal Site- selective Functionalization of Amines
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