Auto3D: Automatic Generation of the Low-energy 3D Structures with ANI Neural Network Potentials

24 June 2022, Version 1
This content is a preprint and has not undergone peer review at the time of posting.

Abstract

Computational programs accelerate the chemical discovery processes but often need proper 3-dimensional molecular information as part of the input. Getting optimal molecular structures is challenging because it requires enumerating and optimizing a huge space of stereoisomers and conformers. We developed the python-based Auto3D package for generating the low-energy 3D structures using SMILES as the input. Auto3D is based on state-of-the-art algorithms and can automize the isomer enumeration and duplicate filtering process, 3D building process, geometry optimization and ranking process. Tested on 50 molecules with multiple unspecified stereocenters, Auto3D is guaranteed to find the stereo-configuration that yields the lowest-energy conformer. With Auto3D we provide an extension of the ANI model. The new model, dubbed ANI-2xt, is trained on a tautomer-rich dataset. ANI-2xt is benchmarked with DFT methods on geometry optimization, electronic and Gibbs free energy calculations. Compared with ANI-2x, ANI-2xt provides a 42% error reduction for tautomeric reaction energy calculations when using the gold-standard coupled-cluster calculation as the reference. ANI-2xt can accurately predict the energies with a ~10^6 factor speedup compared to DFT.

Keywords

tautomerism
stereoisomerism
conformer
machine learning
neural network potential

Supplementary materials

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SI materials
Description
CHEMBL.smi contains 50 molecules that are used for validating the isomer enumeration step. Geometry.smi contains 2810 molecules that are used for benchmarking geometry optimization. tautomerization_E.smi contains 2824 molecules that are used to calculate tautomeric reaction energies. tautomerization_G.smi contains 162 molecules that are used to calculate tautomerization Gibbs free energies.
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