Palladium Nanocrystals-embedded Covalent Organic Framework (Pd@COF) as Efficient Catalyst for Heck Cross-Coupling Reaction

05 May 2022, Version 1
This content is a preprint and has not undergone peer review at the time of posting.

Abstract

Nanoparticles, such as noble metal nanoparticles and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), advance heterogeneous catalysis. Three COFs were synthesized via the solvothermal method using tricarboxylic acids (tricarboxylic benzene (2,4,6-tri-p-carboxyphenylpyridine (H3L2), 4,4',4''-tri carboxyl triphenylamine (H3L1), and trimesic acid (H3BTC)) and 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine moieties. The synthesized COFs were potentially used as supports for the in-situ growth of palladium nanocrystals (Pd NCs), offering a particle size of 1-5 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterized the materials. Using Heck cross-coupling reaction, Pd NCs@COFs were used as catalysts to synthesize different organic molecules via carbon-carbon (C-C) formation. They exhibit complete conversion (100%) for vinyl derivatives and aryl halides (Bromo- and Chloro-derivatives) with good stability. Pd NCs@COFs maintain high catalytic activity over four consecutive cycles.

Keywords

Covalent Organic Frameworks
COFs
Palladium Catalyst
Heck Reaction
Cross-coupling reaction.

Supplementary materials

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synthesis, and characterization
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