Divergent Synthesis of Indolenine and Indoline Ring Systems by Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Indoles

18 January 2022, Version 2
This content is a preprint and has not undergone peer review at the time of posting.

Abstract

Dearomatized indole derivatives bearing a C3- or C2-stereocenter exist ubiquitously in natural products and biologically active molecules. Despite remarkable advances in their chemical synthesis, stereoselective and regio-divergent methods are still in a high demand. Herein, a Pd-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric spiroannulation of 2,3-disubstituted indoles with internal alkynes has been developed for the efficient construction of indoline structures with a C2-quaternary stereocenter. Stereospecific aza-semipinacol rearrangement of these indoline derivatives under acidic conditions afforded indolenine products bearing a C3-quaternary stereocenter, where the selectivity for the rearranging group could be controlled by the reaction sequence. The asymmetric spiroannulation together with the subsequent aza-semipinacol rearrangement enabled a divergent access to dearomatized indole derivatives with either a C3- or a C2-quaternary stereocenter.

Keywords

spiro-indoline
indolenine
catalytic asymmetric dearomatization
stereospecific rearrangement
palladium catalysis

Supplementary materials

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Supporting Information
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Supporting Information for Divergent Synthesis of Indolenine and Indoline Ring Systems by Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Indoles
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