Microwave-Assisted Xylanase Reaction: The Impact in the Production of Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

The enzymatic production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides (XOS) has become an attractive way to valorize lignocellulosic biomass. However, despite numerous xylanases reported for potential use in the production of XOS, most of the family GH10 also produce xylose. This monosaccharide can negatively affect the selectivity to stimulate the growth of intestinal microorganisms beneficial to human health. In this work, a thermostable alkali-tolerant xylanase (BhXyn10A) from Bacillus halodurans S7 has been used to produce XOS under conventional convective heat transfer and microwave radiation. The microwave–assisted reaction markedly decreases the xylose content in the hydrolysates and significantly increases the yield of XOS, compared to conventional heating. Molecular dynamic simulations of BhXyn10A have shown an increased fluctuation of the amino acids of the aglycone subsites suggesting that these subsites can determine the production of xylose. Thus, the microwave heating could affect the amino acid fluctuations in the aglycone subsites reducing the xylose formation. These findings open up new avenues in enzyme technology for the production of XOS.